Other risk factors cannot be changed including patient age, duration of disease, puberty and pregnancy. Some risk factors are lessened depending on treatment including: monitoring and good glucose control, smoking cessation, and losing weight when recommended by your doctor. Pregnancy – Pregnancy can increase a person’s risk of developing diabetic eye problems.Puberty – Hormonal changes associated with puberty may increase the risk of diabetic problems.Children younger than 10 years old are at minimal risk of developing significant eye problems from diabetes. Age – The effect of age on the development of diabetic retinopathy is linked to the duration of disease (patients with longer durations are typically older).Most people do not develop diabetic retinopathy before 8-10 years from time of diagnosis. Disease duration – The length of time that a patient is diagnosed with diabetes is one of the most important risk factors for the development of diabetic complications of the eye.WHAT ARE THE RISK FACTORS FOR EYE DISEASE? Your doctor will help you determine if you have diabetes. Hemoglobin A1c can also be measured with a blood test and gives information about average blood glucose over the past 3 months. People with Type 2 DM may have no symptoms or they may have polydipsia and polyuria.ĭiabetes is diagnosed by a blood test to measure the amount of sugar (glucose) in your blood. Untreated, this condition may cause a person to lose consciousness and become very ill (diabetic ketoacidosis). Symptoms may develop over weeks to months. Generally, people with Type 1 DM have increased thirst (polydipsia), frequent urination (polyuria), and weight loss. HOW IS DIABETES MELLITUS DIAGNOSED?ĭiabetes may present with symptoms in some people, and no symptoms in others. Type 3: Gestational Diabetes: Diabetes during pregnancy. Patients with Type 2 DM are usually obese and are diagnosed after puberty. Patients are treated with a combination of diet, exercise and oral medication. Type 2 Diabetes: This results from insulin resistance, where cells fail to use insulin properly. Type 1 DM is the most common form of diabetes in children and are typically diagnosed at a younger age. Type 1 Diabetes: This results from not making insulin. People with type 1 diabetes need insulin and are treated with either insulin injections or an insulin pump. There are three main types of Diabetes Mellitus (DM): Diabetes leads to high blood sugar levels, which can lead to damage of blood vessels, organs, and nerves. Insulin is a hormone that controls the amount of glucose (sugar) in the blood. Diabetes is a disease in which a person does not produce enough insulin, or because their body does not respond to the insulin that is produced. The cells in your body need sugar in order to work normally and sugar gets into the cells with the help of a hormone called insulin. von Noorden Young Investigator Awardĭiabetes mellitus, or simply diabetes, is a disorder tha disrupts the way your body uses sugar.
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